Butterflies is the best Biotic-Indicators of climatic change

When biotic factors, abiotic-biotic and biotic-biotic interactions, biotic-biotic association stand responsive to forecast future happening by the cause of climatic changes or of any changes in any ecological area or in an ecosystem then the factors/interactions/association may be called the “biotic-indicators”. Use of biotic-indicators is applicable in taking mitigation approaches to combat calamities caused because of unusual climatic changes. This is applicable especially in the case of forest conservation and for the conservation of forest biodiversity.

In this write up butterflies have been identified as the 'biotic-indicators' for the species richness monitoring system in an ecosystem and similarly for forecasting the climatic change impacts on biodiversity. It has already been found from the scientific experiments that, by using butterflies as indicators, increase of species richness and species assemblage have been augmented to 47% in a wild state. This wild state has been used as the healthy habitat for all kinds of animals

Climate change and Sunrderban

Due to increased rate of emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon  dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and chlorofluorocarbons) from  different sources such as burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and  other human activities, the rate of global temperature increase  accelerated from +0.6°C over the past century to an equivalent rate of  +1.0°C per century in the past two decades (Natural Resource Defence  Council, USA 2006). Sea-level rise as a consequence of global warming  is caused by increase in seawater temperatures resulting in thermal  expansion of water and melting of glacier and polar iceberg (Kennedy  et. al. 2002). The climate change has already affected the ecosystems  of northern hemisphere including the coastal forests.

The out  flow of water from Bangladesh is the third highest in the world, next  to the Amazonia and Congo basin. Major rivers of Bangladesh flow from  north to south, silting up the mangroves delta and draining into the  Bay of Bengal. The mangroves delta is also a region of transition  between the freshwater of the rivers originating from the Ganges and  the saline water of the Bay of Bengal.

Electric cars use extensively

A number of factors are behind the billions of dollars in research and development businesses are allocating to electric cars. Reducing carbon emissions is one. The cachet among some consumers for green products is another. In the U.S. energy independence adds a political dimension to the demand for electric. Yet a fundamental factor in the success or failure of electric remains oil prices.
The high costs of owning and operating electric cars aren't the only factor keeping them on the margins. Low top speeds and slow acceleration are part of the electric car's image, even if the cars themselves have become fast and responsive. Limited range and lengthy recharging times are also liabilities in the eyes of most drivers.
Under optimal conditions, electric-only cars have a range of 150 kilometres or less, and can take up to 12 hours to recharge if plugged in to a standard house outlet. Both extreme temperatures and high speed drain batteries faster. In Canada, this is a much bigger problem than in Europe or the dense urban areas surrounding Los Angeles and New York.

Nitrogen threat in earth growing

Last year, reactive nitrogen was identified as one of nine key global pollution threats and second worst in terms of having already exceeded a maximum “planetary boundary,” according to a study reported in the journal Nature.

“Nitrogen plays a tremendously important role in feeding the world’s peoples, so that’s a very positive benefit for humanity,” says James Galloway, a professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, and a leading nitrogen researcher. “The problem is how to maximize nitrogen’s benefits while diminishing its negatives – especially waste.”